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The city's coat of arms from 1918 to 1940. Archeological evidence discovered in the area surrounding Chernivtsi indicates that a population inhabited it since the era.

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Later settlements included those of the, the; artifacts from the and were also found in the city. A fortified settlement located on the left (north-eastern) shore of the Prut dates back to the time of the and is thought to have been built. Legendary accounts refer to this fortress-city as Chern', or Black city; it is said to owe its name to the black color of the city walls, built from dark layered with. This early stronghold was destroyed during the by in 1259. However, the remaining ramparts of the fortress were still used for defense purposes; in the 17th century they were augmented with several bastions, one of which is still extant. An early 20th-century postcard depicting the Czernowitz Synagogue.

Demographics [ ] Historical population Year Pop. ±% 1775 2,300 — 1794 5,000 +117.4% 1832 11,000 +120.0% 1869 34,000 +209.1% 1890 54,200 +59.4% 1910 87,100 +60.7% 1930 112,400 +29.0% 1941 78,800 −29.9% 1970 187,000 +137.3% 1984 238,000 +27.3% 1989 295,000 +23.9% 240,600 −18.4% 2013 (est.) 259,897 +8.0% According to the latest in 2001, the population of Chernivtsi was approximately 240,600 people of 65 nationalities. Among them, 189,000 (79.8%) are Ukrainians; 26,700 (11.3%); 10,500 (4.4%) Romanians; 3,800 (1.6%); 1,400 (0.6%); 1,300 (0.6%) Jews; 2,900 (1.2%) other nationalities. Based on the last available Soviet data, the population of the city, as of 1 January 1989, was approximately 295,000 residents. Among these, there are some 172,000 Ukrainians, 46,000 Russians, 16,000 Romanians, 13,000, 7,000 Poles and others.

The Romanian population in Chernivtsi started decreasing rapidly after 1950. Many Romanians fled to Romania or were deported to (where most of them died), and the remaining Romanian population quickly became a minority and assimilated with the majority.

Nowadays, the Romanian minority in Chernivtsi is still decreasing as a result of and emigration to Romania. [ ] Chernivtsi once had a Jewish community of over 50,000, less than a third of whom survived World War II.

Romanian lawyer and reserve officer, as well as the then city mayor, supported by General saved 19,689 Jewish people. Initially, Governor of Bukovina allowed only 190 Jewish people to stay, but Traian Popovici, after an incredible effort, obtained from the then dictator of Romania Marshal an allowance of 20,000.

After World War II, the city was a key node in the network, which helped Jews to emigrate to the then from the difficult conditions after the War. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the majority of the remaining Jewish population emigrated to and the United States. A famous member of this latter emigration is the actress. Chernivtsi was inhabited by Ukrainians, Romanians, Poles,, Jews,,. During its affiliation with the monarchy, Chernivtsi enjoyed prosperity and culture as the capital of the. After, the and, and the resettlement and expulsion of the whole ethnic groups, including Germans and Romanians, this status was diminished.

Today, the Ukrainians are the dominant population group. Chernivtsi's change in demographic diversity is demonstrated by the following population statistics. Once, Romanians and Ukrainians formed the majority of the population. However, after 1870, Yiddish- or German-speaking Jews surpassed the Romanians as the largest population group of the town. After 1880, the Ukrainians surpassed the Romanians as the second largest population group. [ ] Jews in Chernivtsi according to Austrian-Hungarian Census Year total pop. Jews% Jews 1857 ca.

22,000 4,678 21.6% 1869 ca. 34,000 9,552 28.2% 1880 ca. 46,000 14,449 31.7% 1890 ca.

54,000 17,359 32.0% 1900 ca. 68,000 21,587 31.9% 1910 ca. Theatre Square of Chernivtsi The city of Chernivtsi has a lot of architecturally important buildings. Many historic buildings have been preserved, especially within the city's center. However, after years of disrepair and neglect, the buildings are in need of major restoration.

[ ] As Chernivtsi was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, it was closely related to the empire's culture, including architecture. [ ] Main architectural styles present within the city include and,, late, and fragments of traditional Moldavian and Hungarian architecture, as well as.

During the Interwar Romanian administration, a great number of buildings in the Neo-Romanian and Art Deco architectural styles were also built.The city is sometimes dubbed Little Vienna, because its architecture is reminiscent of the Austro-Hungarian capital.